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Florence Margaret Durham (6 April 1869 – 25 June 1949) was a British geneticist at Cambridge in the early 1900s and an advocate of the theory of Mendelian inheritance, at a time when it was still controversial.〔〔 She was part of an informal school of genetics at Cambridge led by her brother-in-law William Bateson.〔 Her work on the heredity of coat colours in mice and canaries helped to support and extend Mendel's law of heredity. It is also one of the first examples of epistasis.〔 National Institute for Medical Research〕 ==Early life and career== Florence Margaret Durham was born in London, one of six daughters of surgeon Arthur Edward Durham (1833–1895) and his wife Mary Ann Cantwell. Arthur Durham was an alcoholic and his wife was strongly opposed to alcohol. In 1891, Florence Durham started a second class honours degree in Physiology at Girton College.〔 She lectured in Biology at Royal Holloway College and the Froebel Institute in London from 1893 to 1899.〔 She also lectured in physiology at Newnham College.〔 From 1900 to 1910, she was a demonstrator in Physiology at the Balfour Laboratory.〔 Towards the end of the 19th century, female students were still facing resistance from Cambridge academics, including a move by some scientists to prevent them from taking introductory biology courses. A letter from Durham published in the ''Girton Review'' called on the women's colleges Girton and Newnham to "encourage advanced and research work and thus to show the world that women mean to do serious work and have higher aims in view than mere success in examination." The colleges responded to this and other pressure by raising money for more research fellowships. Florence Durham's sister Beatrice first became engaged to William Bateson in 1889, but at the engagement party, Bateson was thought to have had too much wine, so Mrs. Durham prevented her daughters' engagement.〔 Beatrice and William finally married in June 1896,〔 by which time Arthur Durham had died and his wife had either died (according to Henig) or had somehow been persuaded to drop her opposition to the marriage (according to Cock). 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Florence Margaret Durham」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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